What is KYC?

KYC (Know Your Customer) is the process of verifying the identity of customers. In cryptocurrency, KYC typically involves submitting personal documents to exchanges before being allowed to trade, deposit, or withdraw funds.

Why Exchanges Require KYC

Regulatory Compliance

  • Anti-Money Laundering (AML) laws
  • Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) regulations
  • Banking partnerships require it
  • Operating licenses mandate it

Risk Management

  • Prevents fraud
  • Reduces chargebacks
  • Identifies suspicious activity
  • Protects the exchange
  • US: Bank Secrecy Act, FinCEN rules
  • EU: 5th/6th AML Directives
  • UK: FCA regulations
  • Most countries: Some form of KYC required

KYC Verification Levels

Most exchanges have tiered verification:

Level 1 - Basic

  • Email verification
  • Phone number
  • Limited functionality

Level 2 - Intermediate

  • Full legal name
  • Date of birth
  • Address
  • Higher limits

Level 3 - Full Verification

  • Government-issued ID
  • Proof of address
  • Selfie/liveness check
  • Full functionality

Information Typically Collected

Personal Details

  • Full name
  • Date of birth
  • Nationality
  • Residential address

Identity Documents

  • Passport
  • Driver’s license
  • National ID card

Proof of Address

  • Utility bill
  • Bank statement
  • Government correspondence
  • Usually within 3 months

Additional Verification

  • Selfie with ID
  • Liveness detection
  • Video verification

KYC on Major Exchanges

ExchangeKYC RequiredTime
BinanceYesMinutes-hours
CoinbaseYesMinutes
KrakenYesHours-days
KuCoinLimited features withoutVaries

Privacy Concerns

Data Risks

  • Exchange hacks can expose data
  • Third-party KYC providers
  • Government data requests
  • Identity theft potential

Mitigation

  • Use reputable exchanges
  • Enable all security features
  • Monitor your accounts
  • Consider privacy-focused alternatives

Exchanges Without Full KYC

Some options for limited KYC:

  • KuCoin - Basic features without KYC
  • DEXs (Uniswap, etc.) - No KYC
  • P2P platforms - Varies by seller

Note: No-KYC options often have restrictions on fiat, limits, and functionality.

KYC Best Practices

  1. Use official apps/websites - Avoid phishing
  2. Research the exchange - Ensure legitimacy
  3. Use unique passwords - Per exchange
  4. Monitor for data breaches - Check haveibeenpwned.com
  5. Only share what’s required - Don’t overshare